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1615 |
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First recorded European contact
when Samuel de Champlain visits the Ottawa.
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1649 |
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The Iroquois overrun the Huron.
The few Huron that remain form an alliance with the Ottawa.
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1670 |
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The British open a trading post on Hudson Bay.
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1687-90 |
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The Ottawa join an alliance
of several other tribes along with the French against the Iroquois. By 1690 they have driven the Iroquois back across the Great Lakes.
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1746 |
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A young Pontiac leads his people
in a brief war against the Sauk and Mesquakie Nations.
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1755 |
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Pontiac and the Ottawa help defeat General Braddock
when a 900-strong native and French army defeats a 2200-strong British army at the Battle of Monongahela River (near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania).
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1762 |
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Prophet Neolin preaches rejection of European ways.
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1763 |
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April 27 - Pontiac urges expulsion of the British
from native territories at a council of native allies.
May - Pontiac's war breaks out
when the Ottawa chief and his allies capture nine British forts and besiege Forts Pitt, Niagara and Detroit.
July 30 - Pontiac defeats the British at Bloody Run.
August 6 - Pontiac's allies lose at Bushy Run Creek
against British Col. Henry Bouquet and his men.
October 7 - The British Royal Proclamation of 1763
forbids European settlement West of the Appalachian Mountains. Settlers continue to settle in the area anyway.
October 31 - Pontiac agrees to a temporary truce
with Major Gladwin, the British commander of Detroit, and withdraws to his winter hunting village on the Upper Maumee River in Ohio.
November - General Thomas Gage replaces General Jeffrey Amherst
as British Governor-General in Canada.
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1764 |
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September 7 - The Ottawa make peace with Britain.
By November, the Missisauga, Miami, Lenni Lenape (Delaware), Potawatomie, Huron, Ojibwe and Shawnee have all made peace.
Throughout 1764 - Pontiac tries to organize a new uprising,
but he remains on the Upper Maumee in Ohio.
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1765 |
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October - Pontiac signs a peace treaty
with the British at Fort Detroit.
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1766 |
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July - Pontiac signs a treaty
at New York, by which he agrees never to fight the British again.
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1769 |
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April 20 - Pontiac killed.
Pina, a young Peoria warrior, murders Pontiac at Cahokia, Illinois.
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1775-83 |
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The American Revolution.
The Ottawa side with the British.
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1783 |
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The Treaty of Paris
ends the American Revolution. The Ottawa join the Western Alliance of native tribes whose aim is to prevent further European settlement in Ohio.
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1785 |
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January - First Ottawa treaty with the U.S.,
the Treaty of Fort McIntosh, recognizes Ottawa territory in Ohio.
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1790-92 |
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The Western Alliance of native tribes defeats the U.S., first under U.S. General Harmar, then under U.S. General St. Clair.
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1794 |
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The Western Alliance loses at Fallen Timber.
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1795 |
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The Western Alliance signs the Treaty of Fort Greenville,
by which it cedes the southern three-quarters of Ohio.
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1807 |
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Southern Michigan tribes cede millions of acres.
In exchange, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, Huron (Wyandot) and Potawatomi are assigned reservations. The Ottawa get a 28,800-acre (11331.2 Hectares) reservation on the Maumee River above Roche de Boeuf in northern Ohio.
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1812-14 |
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Many Ottawa warriors join Tecumseh
against the U.S. in the War of 1812. After the war, several of the Ottawa stay in Canada.
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1817 |
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The Treaty of Fort Meigs
The Ohio Ottawa cede all their lands except for 37 square miles (88 square kilometers).
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1830-3 |
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The Blanchard's Creek , Little Auglaize and Roche de Boeuf Ottawa cede their reserves
and agree to removal to a 34,000-acre (13,759-hectare) reservation along the Marais des Cygnes River in present day Franklin County, Kansas.
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1833 |
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Ottawa west of Lake Michigan cede their land
in Illinois and Wisconsin and join the Ojibwe and Prairie Potawatomi on a new reserve north of Topeka, Kansas. Today this band is known as the Prairie Potawatomi.
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1836-50 |
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The Treaty of 1836
between the Ottawa and Ojibwe living on Ontario's Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island, and the Province of Upper Canada recognizes the bands' ownership of the land, but an 1850 amendment takes away the Bruce Peninsula portion of the reserve.
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1836-55 |
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Michigan Ottawa lose native status
and agree to allotment after several disastrous treaties.
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1862 |
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The Franklin County Ottawa (Kansas) loose their native status
and reluctantly agree to allotment and dissolution of their tribal government.
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1936 |
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An Ottawa band regains native status
under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1936 and is officially recognized by the U.S. government as the Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma.
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1956 |
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The Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma fights off a U.S.
government attempt to terminate its tribal status.
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1980 |
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A Michigan Ottawa and Chippewa band is reaffirmed
(regains official tribal status) under the name Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians.
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1994 |
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Two more Ottawa bands are reaffirmed.
The Little River Band of Ottawa Indians and the Little Traverse Band of Odawa Indians are reaffirmed; both live in Michigan.
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2001 |
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The Grand River Band of Ottawa seek reaffirmation.
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