Chiefs - Galafilm
Sitting Bull, Sioux Poundmaker, Cree Joseph Brant, Mohawk Black Hawk, Sauk Pontiac, Ottawa

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 Pontiac Biography




1615
First recorded European contact when Samuel de Champlain visits the Ottawa.
1649
The Iroquois overrun the Huron. The few Huron that remain form an alliance with the Ottawa.
1670
The British open a trading post on Hudson Bay.
1687-90
The Ottawa join an alliance of several other tribes along with the French against the Iroquois. By 1690 they have driven the Iroquois back across the Great Lakes.
1746
A young Pontiac leads his people in a brief war against the Sauk and Mesquakie Nations.
1755
Pontiac and the Ottawa help defeat General Braddock when a 900-strong native and French army defeats a 2200-strong British army at the Battle of Monongahela River (near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania).
1762
Prophet Neolin preaches rejection of European ways.
1763
April 27 - Pontiac urges expulsion of the British from native territories at a council of native allies.

May - Pontiac's war breaks out when the Ottawa chief and his allies capture nine British forts and besiege Forts Pitt, Niagara and Detroit.

July 30 - Pontiac defeats the British at Bloody Run.

August 6 - Pontiac's allies lose at Bushy Run Creek against British Col. Henry Bouquet and his men.

October 7 - The British Royal Proclamation of 1763 forbids European settlement West of the Appalachian Mountains. Settlers continue to settle in the area anyway.

October 31 - Pontiac agrees to a temporary truce with Major Gladwin, the British commander of Detroit, and withdraws to his winter hunting village on the Upper Maumee River in Ohio.

November - General Thomas Gage replaces General Jeffrey Amherst as British Governor-General in Canada.
1764
September 7 - The Ottawa make peace with Britain. By November, the Missisauga, Miami, Lenni Lenape (Delaware), Potawatomie, Huron, Ojibwe and Shawnee have all made peace.

Throughout 1764 - Pontiac tries to organize a new uprising, but he remains on the Upper Maumee in Ohio.
1765
October - Pontiac signs a peace treaty with the British at Fort Detroit.
1766
July - Pontiac signs a treaty at New York, by which he agrees never to fight the British again.
1769
April 20 - Pontiac killed. Pina, a young Peoria warrior, murders Pontiac at Cahokia, Illinois.
1775-83
The American Revolution. The Ottawa side with the British.
1783
The Treaty of Paris ends the American Revolution. The Ottawa join the Western Alliance of native tribes whose aim is to prevent further European settlement in Ohio.
1785
January - First Ottawa treaty with the U.S., the Treaty of Fort McIntosh, recognizes Ottawa territory in Ohio.
1790-92
The Western Alliance of native tribes defeats the U.S., first under U.S. General Harmar, then under U.S. General St. Clair.
1794
The Western Alliance loses at Fallen Timber.
1795
The Western Alliance signs the Treaty of Fort Greenville, by which it cedes the southern three-quarters of Ohio.
1807
Southern Michigan tribes cede millions of acres. In exchange, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, Huron (Wyandot) and Potawatomi are assigned reservations. The Ottawa get a 28,800-acre (11331.2 Hectares) reservation on the Maumee River above Roche de Boeuf in northern Ohio.
1812-14
Many Ottawa warriors join Tecumseh against the U.S. in the War of 1812. After the war, several of the Ottawa stay in Canada.
1817
The Treaty of Fort Meigs The Ohio Ottawa cede all their lands except for 37 square miles (88 square kilometers).
1830-3
The Blanchard's Creek , Little Auglaize and Roche de Boeuf Ottawa cede their reserves and agree to removal to a 34,000-acre (13,759-hectare) reservation along the Marais des Cygnes River in present day Franklin County, Kansas.
1833
Ottawa west of Lake Michigan cede their land in Illinois and Wisconsin and join the Ojibwe and Prairie Potawatomi on a new reserve north of Topeka, Kansas. Today this band is known as the Prairie Potawatomi.
1836-50
The Treaty of 1836 between the Ottawa and Ojibwe living on Ontario's Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island, and the Province of Upper Canada recognizes the bands' ownership of the land, but an 1850 amendment takes away the Bruce Peninsula portion of the reserve.
1836-55
Michigan Ottawa lose native status and agree to allotment after several disastrous treaties.
1862
The Franklin County Ottawa (Kansas) loose their native status and reluctantly agree to allotment and dissolution of their tribal government.
1936
An Ottawa band regains native status under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1936 and is officially recognized by the U.S. government as the Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma.
1956
The Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma fights off a U.S. government attempt to terminate its tribal status.
1980
A Michigan Ottawa and Chippewa band is reaffirmed (regains official tribal status) under the name Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians.
1994
Two more Ottawa bands are reaffirmed. The Little River Band of Ottawa Indians and the Little Traverse Band of Odawa Indians are reaffirmed; both live in Michigan.
2001
The Grand River Band of Ottawa seek reaffirmation.
"Each morning upon rising and each evening before sleeping give thanks for: all life, the life within you, the good things the Creator has given you and others, and for the courage and strength to be a better person. Seek those things that will benefit everyone"
From the Ottawa code of ethics
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 Did you know? 

Even though the l'Arbre Croche Ottawa had not joined Pontiac in 1763, they believe the British deliberately infected them with smallpox shortly after the war. According to l'Arbre Croche oral tradition, British traders gave them a mysterious box and told them not to open it until they were back in their village. The box turned out to contain a mysterious brown powder. Immediately afterwards, a deadly smallpox epidemic broke out and decimated their villages in northern Michigan.